酸性土壤改良剂对土壤理化与蔬菜产量的影响

Effects of Acidic Soil Amendment on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Vegetable Yield

【目的】采用酸性土壤改良剂对南方酸性土质菜园的土壤进行改良,以改善土壤理化性状,提高蔬菜产量。【方法】在蔬菜种植前,每667 m^(2)土壤分别施入酸性土壤改良剂0、25、50、75 kg,待小白菜采收后测定土壤理化性状指标与植株产量。【结果】施用酸性土壤改良剂后均能提高土壤pH值,最高可以提升0.47个单位;每667 m^(2)施用75 kg改良剂,菜园土壤全氮、磷和钾含量最高,同时垂直土层土壤氮磷钾含量表现为0~15 cm>16~30 cm>31~45 cm;同时可以明显提高土壤中钙、镁和硅含量,平衡土壤营养,且随着改良剂施用量的增加而增加。在垂直土层,土壤pH值、钙、硅含量高低均表现为:0~15 cm>16~30 cm>31~45 cm,说明随着土层的加深,土壤改良剂对土壤的改良成效下降。施用改良剂后小白菜产量明显提升,其中,每667 m^(2)施用50 kg改良剂的植株鲜重最高,而施用75 kg的植株干重最大。【结论】酸性土壤改良剂对蔬菜园土壤具有一定的改良效果,可适用于大田酸性土壤的改良应用。

【Objective】The acidic soil amendment was used to improve acidic soil in vegetable garden of southern China so as to improve soil physical and chemical properties and vegetable yield.【Method】Before vegetable planting,the experiment was carried out by soil amendment application rates of 0 kg,25 kg,50 kg,and 75 kg per 667 m^(2).After harvest,soil physical and chemical properties and vegetable yield were measured.【Result】2 Application of soil amendment could improve soil pH value,reaching higher by 0.47 unit.When 75 kg per 667 m soil amendment was applied,total N,P and K content in soil were the highest,total N,P and K content in vertical soil layer were ranked in order that in 0~15 cm layer>16~30 cm layer>31~45 cm layer.Application of soil amendment could improve Ca,Mg and Si content in soil and balance soil nutrient.With the increasing content of soil amendment,Ca,Mg and Si content in soil were increased.In vertical soil layer,pH value,Ca and Si content in soil were ranked in order that 0~15 cm layer>16~30 cm layer>31~45 cm layer.With the increasing depth of soil 2 layer,the effectiveness of soil amendments decreased.When 75 kg per 667 m soil amendment was applied,plant dry weight was the largest.【Conclusion】Acidic soil amendment could improve soil in vegetable garden and was suitable in field acidic soil improvement.