超声辅助铣削钛合金工艺研究

Experimental Investigation on Ultrasonic-assisted Milling for Titanium Alloy

由于钛合金的可加工性较差,采用传统机械加工技术难以实现高精度加工。超声加工通过对工具头施加振动来改善加工效果,将其引入钛合金加工可提高钛合金的加工性能。为提高钛合金的加工性能,分别以侧面铣削和端面铣削两种形式开展了超声辅助铣削钛合金工艺试验,探究了不同切削参数与切削形式的旋转超声加工对钛合金铣削加工的影响,并测量加工过程的切削力、加工后的工件表面粗糙度及其表面微观结构。结果表明:在侧面铣削时,超声辅助可减少加工过程中的振动、降低切削力及提高工件表面质量;在端面铣削时,超声辅助会降低加工过程的切削力,但在加工中由于超声振动作用于工件表面形成了微织构,虽然提高了工件表面形貌的均匀性,却也增大了工件的表面粗糙度值。

Due to the poor machinability of titanium alloys,it is difficult to achieve high-precision machining using traditional machining techniques.Ultrasonic machining,which applies vibration to the tool head to improve machining efficiency,can be introduced into titanium alloy machining to improve the machining performance of titanium alloys.In order to improve the machining performance of titanium alloy,this study carried out ultrasonic-assisted milling titanium alloy process experiments by side milling and end milling,respectively.The effects of different cutting parameters and cutting forms of rotary ultrasonic machining on titanium alloy milling were investigated,and the cutting force,surface roughness and surface microstructure of the workpiece after machining were measured.The results showed that in side milling,ultrasonic assistance can reduce the vibration in the machining process,reduce the cutting force and improve the surface quality of the workpiece.In end milling,ultrasonic assistance will reduce the cutting force of the machining process,but in the machining process,due to the ultrasonic vibration acting on the surface of the workpiece to form a micro-texture,although the uniformity of the surface morphology of the workpiece is improved,the surface roughness of the workpiece is also increased.