益生菌治疗精神疾病的理论基础和MRI研究进展

Theoretical basis and MRI research progress of probiotics in the treatment of mental diseases

肠道微生物(gut microbiota,GM)通过脑-肠轴作用于大脑,在精神疾病的发生、发展中起重要作用。而益生菌可以通过维持GM稳态和肠道屏障的完整性对大脑产生有益作用进而改善精神疾病引起的负面生理影响。利用MRI技术可以观察到益生菌治疗精神疾病时,宿主的大脑功能、结构的变化。本文总结了基于MRI技术评估益生菌通过作用于脑-肠-微生物轴进而治疗精神疾病(抑郁症、精神分裂症、孤独症谱系障碍、强迫症、焦虑症)的研究近况,为精神疾病的治疗提供了新思路和客观的脑影像学依据。

Gut microbiota(GM)acts on the brain through the brain-gut axis and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of mental diseases.Probiotics can have beneficial effects on the brain by maintaining GM homeostasis and intestinal barrier integrity,thus ameliorating the negative physiological effects caused by mental illness.MRI can be used to observe changes in the function and structure of the host brain when probiotics treat psychiatric disorders.This paper summarizes the recent research on the evaluation of probiotics in the treatment of mental disorders(depression,schizophrenia,autism spectrum disorder,obsessive compulsive disorder,anxiety disorder)by acting on brain-gut-microbiome axis based on MRI.It provides a new idea and objective brain imaging basis for the treatment of mental diseases.