扩散MRI技术在颞叶癫痫中的应用进展

Application of MRI diffusion imaging in temporal lobe epilepsy

癫痫是一种由于大脑神经元异常放电造成短暂性功能障碍的慢性神经系统疾病,严重影响着患者的身心健康和生活质量。其中,颞叶癫痫(temporal lobe epilepsy, TLE)是成年人常见的药物难治性癫痫,因此对其进行及时的诊断和治疗尤为重要。扩散MRI(diffusion MRI, dMRI)技术可以利用水分子的扩散反映TLE患者大脑组织微观结构的变化,dMRI主要包括扩散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging, DWI)以及在其基础上衍生的各种扩散技术,如扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imagin,DTI)、扩散峰度成像(diffusion kurtosis imaging, DKI)、扩散频谱成像(diffusion spectrum imaging, DSI)以及神经突方向离散度和密度成像(neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, NODDI)等。本文简要总结了各种dMRI技术在TLE中的临床应用进展,并对其未来的研究前景进行了展望,旨在了解dMRI技术在TLE中的应用现状,为TLE的诊疗及扩散技术在相关领域的研究提供一定参考。

Epilepsy is a chronic nervous system disease caused by the abnormal discharge of brain neurons,which seriously affects patients'physical and mental health and quality of life.Among which,the temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is a common drug-resistant epilepsy in adults,so timely diagnosis and treatment is particularly important.diffusion MRI(dMRI)technology can use the diffusion information of water molecules to reflect the changes in the microstructure of TLE patients'brain tissu,dMRI mainly includes diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)and various diffusion techniques derived from it,such as diffusion tensor imagin(DTI),diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI),diffusion spectrum imaging(DSI)and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging(NODDI).In this review,we briefly summarized the clinical application progress of various dMRI technologies in TLE,and prospected its future research prospects,aiming to understand the application status of diffusion technology in TLE,and provide certain references for the study of TLE diagnosis,treatment and diffusion technology in related fields.