状位“新”对动词语义类型的选择及其解释力

On the Selection for Verbal Semantic Type of "Xin(新)" as Adverbial and Its Explanatory Power

文章以语义语法为理论基础,以状位“新”的分布对象和同现成分为定位方法,按照从句子功能到时间成分再到动词语义的逻辑顺序,逐层精确定位“新”的语义组配规律,据此提取状位“新”的“创现性事件的泛向近时义”。首先,根据语料库调查,精确定位“新”在句子中的分布规律。第二,精细描写状位“新”对时间的选择,指出“新”对时向、时距的选择体现为[+泛向性]、[+近时性]。第三,对“新”所组配的四种动词语义类型和动词语义特征[+创现性]进行正反论证。第四,通过动词在状位“新”与定位“新”之间建构语义关联。第五,说明“新+VP+NP”序列的动名同现规律并提出动词等级序列。最后,结合语言动态变化,指出“新”有再语法化可能。

Based on the theory of semantic grammar,the adverbial xin(新)and its co-occurrences are located more and more strictly and accurately,with the method of bidirectional selection,the grammatical meaning of xin(新)is extracted as well,i.e.“to estimate the proximate tense of creative and arisen events in a panchronic way”.First,this paper precisely locates the distribution of xin(新)in sentences with the aid of corpus.Second,the selection of xin(新)in the category of tense is studied.Third,this paper explores the collocations between xin(新)and verbs in sentences.Fourth,this study builds semantic relevance between adverbial xin(新)and attribute xin(新)through verbs.Fifth,the co-occurrence of verbs and nouns is discussed.Finally,with a dynamic view to language,xin(新)has a possibility of further grammaticalization.