多层级视角下基础研究社会-技术系统的主体、要素及作用机制

Research on the Main Bodies,Elements and Mechanism of Basic Research Socio-Technical System from Multi-Level Perspective

基础研究是整个科学体系的源头,其创新发展和突破将从根本上助推国家创新能力和国际科技竞争力提升,也是中国“加快建设科技强国,实现高水平科技自立自强”的根本前提。本文从社会-技术系统角度出发,运用多层级视角分析框架,探讨中国基础研究社会-技术系统的构成主体和构成要素,在此基础上系统分析基础研究社会-技术系统景观层、体制层和利基层三个层级协同互动推动基础研究创新的作用机制,以及三个层级的多重要素协同并发促进基础研究创新的作用机制。研究结果表明:推进基础研究需要基础研究社会-技术系统各个层级之间相互协调配合,要加强景观环境的引导和利基空间的防护培育,还应当注重体制层系统多维度的变革和调整,以突破基础研究社会-技术体制的路径依赖和锁定。

Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system,and its innovation,development and breakthrough will fundamentally boost the country's innovation capacity and international scientific and technological competitiveness.It is also the fundamental premise for China to“accelerate the construction of a powerful country in science and technology,and achieve high level of scientific and technological self-reliance”.From the perspective of the socio-technical system,this paper uses the multi-level perspective framework to firstly discuss the constituent body and elements of the socio-technical system of basic research in China.On this basis,the paper systematically analyzes the synergistic interaction between the landscape,the regime and the niche of the socio-technical system of basic research to promote the innovation of basic research,and the synergistic and concurrent mechanism of the multiple elements of the three levels to promote the innovation of basic research.The research results indicate that promoting basic research requires coordination and cooperation among various levels of the basic research socio-technical system.It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of the landscape and the protection and cultivation of niche.Additionally,attention should be paid to multi-dimensional reforms and adjustments in the regime system to break through the path dependence and lock-in of the basic research socio-technical system.