县域城镇化背景下进城陪读老年人的市民化

Citizenization of the Rual Elderly Who Accompany Child to Study in Cities under the Background of County Urbanization

城镇化的快速发展,使得大量农村人口流向城市,加速了城镇空间的扩张。连接都市与乡村的县城是农村人口实践城镇化的重要场域。教育在中西部地区城镇化中发挥中介作用,地方政府借助教育加速县域城镇化;农民以追求优质教育资源实践教育城镇化。县域城镇化重塑农村家庭结构、家庭规模及家庭分工,缺少社会资本、权利资本与资源积累的农村家庭必须以代际合力的方式实践教育城镇化。在经济理性的驱动下,农牧民家庭选择老人陪读,以保证家庭再生产与教育流动,老人被裹挟进城镇化潮流。走到生命历程后期的老人,社会角色、权利职责、价值观念及身份认同因陪读发生转变。

The rapid development of urbanization accelerates the expansion of urban space and a large number of rural population flows to the city.The county,which connects urban and rural areas,is an important field for rural population to urbanize.Education plays an intermediary role in the urbanization of central and western China.Local governments use education to accelerate county urbanization.Farmers practice education urbanization by pursuing high quality education resources.County urbanization reshapes rural family structure,family size and family division of labor.Rural families,lacking social capital,right capital and resource accumulation,must practice education urbanization through intergenerational joint efforts.Driven by economic rationality,farmers and herdsmen families choose the elderly to accompany the child to study in the city in order to ensure family reproduction and education flow.And the elderly are passively involved in the trend of urbanization.The social role,identity,rights,responsibilities and values of the rural elderly,who have come to the later stage of their life,have changed because of accompanying the child to study in the city.Taking these rural elderly people as the research object,this paper analyzes how the rapid development of county urbanization shape the individuals and families,as well as how the spatial-temporal background of education urbanization promotes the citizenization of the elderly in rural areas.