从秦楚文字论“鼠”字上古声母构拟

The Reconstruction of Old Chinese Shu(书)Initial Based on the Character Shu(鼠)in Qin and Chu Excavated Documents

对于中古书母字的上古来源,学界按各字所属谐声系列的不同特点,基本上主张其部分跟塞音相关,部分跟流音相关。至于具体到“鼠”字的上古声母,因缺少汉语内部更多确切的证据,故而只能作出大致推测。随着近年来安徽大学藏战国竹简等出土文献资料的整理出版,可以看到“鼠”字有增加流音声符“予”或“吕”等多种异体字,再结合秦简、连绵词等其他证据,由此说明“鼠”字的上古声母确实可以拟作带流音的*hlj-。

For the discussion of the Old Chinses origins of Middle Chinese Shu(书)initial,the academic community generally advocates that it is partly related to plosive and partly related to liquid,according to the different characteristics of homophones to which each character belongs.As for the Old Chinses initial of Shu(鼠),due to the lack of more precise evidence within the Chinese,we can only make a rough specula tion.With the organiza tion and publication of exca vated documents such as Anhui University Slips in recent years,we can see that this character has multiple variant characters with added phonetic sign Yu(予)or Lv(吕).Combined with other evidence,such as Qin manuscripts in bamboo and stretch words,we think that the Old Chinses initial of Shu(鼠)can be reconstructed as*hlj-.