清华简《四时》“俊风”考

On the Term Junfeng(俊风)in the Chapter Sishi(《四时》)of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

清华简《四时》有“俊风”一词。“俊风”亦见于《山海经》,其名与甲骨文四方风之东风名“劦”相合,皆为东方之风。然而在《夏小正》中,俊风被解释为“合冰必于南风、解冰必于南风”之“南风”。笔者认为在不同语境中,俊风一词内涵的理解有不同角度。对于《夏小正》及清华简《四时》文本中俊风内涵的阐释,宜置于数术理论框架下。排列清华简《四时》在先秦秦汉时令文献中的序列,与《四时》时期相近的文献可资参考。俊风所反映的“顺天应时”思想,体现了先秦时期古人对自然的观察、探索和尊重,对现代人与自然和谐共生,有启发作用。

The term Junfeng(俊风)is used in the Chapter Sishi(《四时》)of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips.The term Junfeng in Shanhaijing(《山海经》)is consistent with the term Xie(劦)in orade bone inscription,both of which refer to the East wind.But it is explained as South wind in Xiaxiaozheng(《夏小正》).The author believes that there are different connotation of the term Junfeng in different contexts.The interpretation of Junfeng in the texts of Xiariaozheng and Sishi should be placed within the framework of mathematics.Literature whose period is similar to Sishi could be used as reference.The idea of conforming to the times reflects the ancient people's observation,exploration,and respects for nature during pre-Qin period,which has an enlightenment on the coe xistence between modern people and nature.