代谢因素影响小胶质细胞极化在阿尔茨海默病中的作用及机制

Effects and mechanism of metabolic factors on microglia polarization inAlzheimer's disease

小胶质细胞作为中枢神经系统中固有的免疫细胞,其极化方向对阿尔茨海默病等神经变性疾病具有重要作用。在既往研究中,简单地将小胶质细胞极化分为M1和M2。然而,近年研究显示,这样的分类难以全面描述其极化后的功能及作用。随着对免疫代谢研究的深入,发现代谢途径和代谢产物的变化对小胶质细胞的极化方向具有关键作用。本文对近年研究代谢因素作为小胶质细胞功能调节因子的文献进行复习,探讨靶向调控代谢途径和代谢产物影响小胶质细胞的极化方向,以期为治疗阿尔茨海默病等神经变性疾病提供理论与实验基础。

Microglia are inherent immune cells in central nervous system,the polarization direction of which has an important influence on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.In the past studies,microglia are commonly divided into M1 and M2,while the whole function and effects of which cannot be fully described.In recent years,with the in-depth study of immunometabo-lism,metabolic pathway and metabolites showed a key role in the direction of microglia polarization.In this review,we summarize the important role of immunometabolism which acts as a regulatory factor to microglial function and how to affect the direction of microglia polarization and treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease by regulating immunometabolism.