60岁及以上人群骨质疏松症的影响因素分析

Factors affecting osteoporosis among people aged 60 years and above

目的了解≥60岁人群骨质疏松症(OP)检出情况及影响因素,为老年人群防治OP提供依据。方法选择2023年1—10月在杭州市第一人民医院健康体检的≥60岁人群为调查对象,通过现场调查和医院信息系统收集人口学信息、生活方式和体检资料等,采用双能X线骨密度仪检测骨密度,并参照《原发性骨质疏松症诊疗指南(2022)》进行OP诊断;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析OP的影响因素。结果调查482人,其中男性217人,占45.02%;女性265人,占54.98%。年龄为(69.10±6.52)岁。检出OP 209例,检出率为43.36%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(女,OR=3.791,95%CI:1.726~8.314)、年龄(70~<80岁,OR=1.260,95%CI:1.018~1.559;≥80岁,OR=3.083,95%CI:1.546~6.147)、体质指数(BMI)(≥24 kg/m^(2),OR=0.358,95%CI:0.205~0.626)、骨折家族史(OR=1.475,95%CI:1.073~2.030)、糖尿病(OR=1.626,95%CI:1.109~2.382)、规律运动(OR=0.457,95%CI:0.287~0.726)、摄入奶制品(OR=0.511,95%CI:0.335~0.780)、补充钙剂(OR=0.473,95%CI:0.287~0.778)和维生素D缺乏(OR=2.132,95%CI:1.309~3.473)是OP的影响因素。结论≥60岁人群OP发生与性别、年龄、BMI、骨折家族史、糖尿病、运动、饮食和维生素D缺乏有关。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis(OP)and its influencing factors among people aged 60 years and above,so as to provide insights into OP prevention and treatment among the elderly.Methods People aged 60 years and above who underwent physical examinations were selected from Hangzhou First People's Hospital from January to October 2023.Demographic information,lifestyle and physical examination data were collected through field surveys and hospital information systems.Bone density was measured by dual-energy X-ray densitometer,and OP was diagnosed with reference to the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Osteoporosis(2022).Factors affecting the OP were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results A total of 482 participants were included and had a mean age of(69.10±6.52)years.There were 217 men(45.02%)and 265 women(54.98%).The prevalence of OP was 43.36%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified gender(women,OR=3.791,95%CI:1.726-8.314),age(70 to 79 years,OR=1.260,95%CI:1.018-1.559;80 years and above,OR=3.083,95%CI:1.546-6.147),body mass index(≥24 kg/m^(2),OR=0.358,95%CI:0.205-0.626),family history of fracture(OR=1.475,95%CI:1.073-2.030),diabetes(OR=1.626,95%CI:1.109-2.382),regular exercise(OR=0.457,95%CI:0.287-0.726),intake of milk products(OR=0.511,95%CI:0.335-0.780),intake of calcium supplements(OR=0.473,95%CI:0.287-0.778)and vitamin D deficiency(OR=2.132,95%CI:1.309-3.473)as factors affecting OP.Conclusion The prevalence of OP is associated with gender,age,body mass index,family history of fracture,diabetes,diet and vitamin D deficiency.