单胎妊娠自发性早产的影响因素研究

Factors affecting spontaneous premature birth in singleton pregnancy

目的分析单胎妊娠自发性早产的影响因素,为降低早产发生风险提供依据。方法于2022年6月—2023年6月,选择杭州市妇产科医院单胎妊娠自发性早产的产妇230例为病例组,选取同期、同在本院单胎妊娠足月产的产妇230人为对照组,通过医院电子病历系统收集产妇的基本情况和妊娠情况等资料;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析单胎妊娠自发性早产的影响因素。结果病例组产妇年龄为(33.40±3.16)岁;分娩孕周为(34.72±2.15)周。对照组产妇年龄为(28.30±3.92)岁;分娩孕周为(39.84±2.09)周。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁(OR=1.280,95%CI:1.022~1.603)、人工流产≥3次(OR=3.122,95%CI:1.368~7.121)、有早产史(OR=3.769,95%CI:1.725~8.240)、胎膜早破(OR=12.708,95%CI:4.836~33.391)、妊娠高血压(OR=2.934,95%CI:1.313~6.550)、妊娠糖尿病(OR=2.510,95%CI:1.249~5.038)和宫颈管长度≤25 mm(OR=5.832,95%CI:2.380~14.279)可增加单胎妊娠自发性早产的风险。结论单胎妊娠自发性早产可能与年龄、人工流产次数、胎膜早破、妊娠期疾病和宫颈管长度有关。

Objective To investigate the factors affecting spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancy,so as to pro⁃vide insights into reducing the risk of preterm birth.Methods A total of 230 lying-in women with spontaneous pre⁃term birth in singleton pregnancies admitted to the Hangzhou Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital were selected as the case group,and lying-in women with full-term birth in singleton pregnancies in the hospital during the study period were selected as controls.Basic information and pregnancy status were collected through the hospital information system,and factors affecting spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancies were analyzed using a multivariable logistic re⁃gression model.Results The lying-in women in the case group had a mean age of(33.40±3.16)years and a mean ges⁃tational weeks at delivery of(34.72±2.15)weeks.The lying-in women in the control group had a mean age of(28.30±3.92)years and a mean gestational weeks at delivery of(39.84±2.09)weeks.Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age of 35 years and older(OR=1.280,95%CI:1.022-1.603),induced abortion three times and above(OR=3.122,95%CI:1.368-7.121),history of preterm birth(OR=3.769,95%CI:1.725-8.240),premature rupture of membranes(OR=12.708,95%CI:4.836-33.391),gestational hypertension(OR=2.934,95%CI:1.313-6.550),gestational diabetes(OR=2.510,95%CI:1.249-5.038)and cervical canal length≤25 mm(OR=5.832,95%CI:2.380-14.279)as factors affecting spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancies.Conclusion Spontaneous preterm birth in singleton pregnancy may be associated with age,number of induced abortions,premature rupture of membranes,complications in pregnancy and cervical canal length.