美国原住民酗酒问题探析

An Analysis of Alcoholism among American Indigenous People

当代美国原住民酗酒现象十分严重,影响到了原住民的身心健康与社会安定。但在历史上,美国原住民饮酒行为并非一直是作为一种问题存在,而是具有增进社会团结的重要功能,并在仪式场合中普遍存在。从对当代美国原住民酗酒现象的分析中可以发现,这一问题与白人对北美大陆的殖民密切相关。白人对原住民的酒精倾销,白人对原住民生存环境的破坏,以及原住民为缓解焦虑造成的过度饮酒,是当下美国原住民酗酒之成因。美国原住民酗酒问题反映出美国社会中存在的结构性不平等,以及社会中对原住民人权的轻视与侵害。

In contemporary American society,the phenomenon of indigenous people's alcoholism is very serious,which affects their physical and mental health and social stability.However,in the American history,indigenous people's drinking behavior is not a social problem,but rather serves an important function of enhancing social solidarity and is prevalent in ceremonial settings.From the analysis on the phenomenon of contemporary American indigenous people drinking alcohol,it can be found that the problem is closely related to the colonization of the North American continent by white people.The dumping of alcohol by the white people on the indigenous people,the destruction of the living environment of the indigenous people and the excessive drinking caused by the indigenous people to relieve their anxiety are the main reasons for the alcoholism of the Native Americans.The phenomenon of indigenous drinking reveals the structural inequality in the American society,and the infringement of the human rights of the indigenous people in the society.