微生物电解池催化CO_(2)电转化为甲烷:影响因素、电子传递和展望

Microbial electrolytic cell catalyzed electroconversion of CO_(2) to CH_(4):Influencing factors,electronic transmission,outlook

化石燃料作为能源供应的主要来源,燃烧导致大量CO_(2)的释放和温室效应,CO_(2)的捕获和再利用越来越受到人们的关注.微生物电解池(MEC)作为一种新的CO_(2)再利用技术,可通过将电活性微生物与电化学刺激相结合,将CO_(2)通过生物电化学作用回收为低碳燃料(如CH_(4)),从而实现CO_(2)固定和能量回收.尽管近年来MEC领域有较多研究,但仍然存在许多问题阻碍了该技术的规模化和产业化.本文梳理了CO_(2)电化学产甲烷的工作原理、性能影响的关键因素、生物阴极电活性功能微生物及其胞外电子传递机制、电催化耦合技术的最新研究进展,提出了MEC辅助CO_(2)电甲烷化技术的未来研究需求和挑战.

Fossil fuels have been the main source of energy supply,and their combustion leads to the release of a large amount of CO_(2) and the greenhouse effect.The capture and reuse of CO_(2) have attracted more and more attention.Microbial electrolysis cell(MEC),a new CO_(2) reuse technology,can achieve CO_(2) fixation by combining electroactive microorganisms with electrochemical stimulation to recycle CO_(2) into low-carbon fuels(such as CH_(4))through bioelectrochemical action and energy recovery.Although there have many researches in the field of MEC in recent years,there are still many problems which hinder the scale and industrialization of this technology.This paper compares the working principle of CO_(2)-electrochemical methanogenesis,key factors affecting performance,bio-cathode electroactive functional microorganisms and their extracellular electron transfer mechanism,and the latest research progress of electrocatalytic coupling technology.We also presents the future research needs and challenges of MEC CO_(2)-electrochemical methanogenesis technology.