基于多样性指标的病虫害系统聚类防治区划研究——以主要碳汇森林类型楠竹林为例

Study on Cluster Control Zoning of Disease and Pest Systems Based on Diversity Indicators——Taking the Main Carbon Sink Forest Types,Bamboo Forests,as an Example

以主要碳汇森林类型楠竹林资源为研究对象,采取踏查和样地调查的方法,对黔东南州楠竹林的主要病虫害种类、危害程度、物种多样性和防治区划进行研究。结果表明:虫害种类分属8目30科39种;病害12种,分属8目。虫害严重危害程度有2种,分别是刚竹毒蛾和竹蚜虫,中等危害10种,轻微危害27种;中等危害中黄脊竹蝗的潜在威胁最大,其次是竹缕舟蛾和大竹象。全州16个县虫害种类7~36种之间,病害种类3~12种;病虫害物种丰富度(S)州东南部地区高于西北部地区;病虫害优势集中指数(C)总体趋势由西北向东南逐渐减小;病虫害Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)州西北部小于东南部,全州病虫害多样性总体稳定水平低,抵御外界干扰能力差,对外界不确定因素的干扰敏感;全州病虫害物种分布相对均匀。Fisher判别函数模型对防治区划聚类结果的原始分类和交叉分类验证正确率为100%。基于病虫害多样性指标的系统聚类防治区划结果具有较高的准确性,可为提高黔东南州的楠竹林健康水平,精准提升森林固碳能力提供参考。

The main types of carbon sequestration forest resources in the Nan bamboo forest of Qiandongnan Prefecture were taken as the research object,and the methods of site investigation and sampling were adopted to study the main types of pests and diseases,degree of harm,species diversity,and control zoning of Nan bamboo forest.The results showed that the pest species belong to 8 orders,30 families,and 39 species.There are 12 types of diseases,belonging to 8 orders.There are two serious levels of pest damage,namely bamboo moth and bamboo aphid,with 10 moderate and 27 mild hazards.Among the moderate hazards,the yellow spine bamboo locust poses the greatest potential threat,followed by the bamboo armyworm and the giant bamboo elephant.There are 7-36 types of pests and 3-12 types of diseases in 16 counties throughout the state.The species richness of pests and diseases(S) is higher in the southeastern region of the state than in the northwestern region.The overall trend of the concentration index of pests and diseases(C) gradually decreases from northwest to southeast.The Shannon Wiener diversity index(H') of pests and diseases in the northwest of the state is smaller than that in the southeast,indicating a generally stable level of pest and disease diversity throughout the state.The state has poor resistance to external disturbances and is sensitive to external uncertainties.The distribution of disease and pest species in the entire state is relatively uniform.The Fisher discriminant function model has a 100% accuracy rate in verifying the original classification and cross classification of the clustering results of the prevention and control zoning.The systematic clustering control zoning results based on pest and disease diversity indicators have high accuracy,which can provide reference for improving the health level of bamboo forests in Qiandongnan Prefecture and accurately enhancing forest carbon sequestration capacity.