盐碱胁迫水稻根系研究

Rice roots under saline-alkali stress

我国盐碱地面积约为1×108 hm2,其中可利用的盐碱地约0.37×108 hm2,盐碱地是重要的耕地后备资源,开发利用潜力巨大。开发种稻是盐碱地改良和利用的有效措施,水稻根系研究对挖掘盐碱水田增产潜力具有重要意义。本文概述了国内外盐碱胁迫水稻根系的研究现状,重点从盐碱胁迫对水稻根系表型、抗逆生理及产量形成的影响等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对该研究领域未来发展进行了展望。以期多角度全面解析盐碱胁迫水稻根系逆境形态和生理机理,明确土壤-根系-产量的互作机制,基于优良种质资源结合育种技术构建理想根系构型,为挖掘盐碱地水稻增产潜力提供参考。

The area of saline-alkali land is approximately 1×108 hm2 in China,of which about 0.37×108 hm2 can be utilized.Saline-alkali land is an important cultivated land reserve resource,with huge potential for development and utilization.Planting rice is an effective approach to utilize saline-alkali land.Rice root research is of great significance to explore the potential of saline-alkali paddy land to increase potential production.This paper briefly summarizes the current research status of saline-alkali stress in rice root system,and mainly focuses the effects of saline-alkali stress on root phenotype,stress physiology as well as its impact on yield formation.The prospects for future research are proposed.Overall analysis on stress morphology and physiological mechanism of saline-alkali stress in rice root system from multiple perspectives,clarification of the soil-root-yield interaction mechanism and construction of an ideal root system configuration based on excellent germplasm resources combined with breeding technology,will definitely provide a reference for tapping the potential of saline-alkali land rice to increase yield.