农户土地流转决策意愿及其影响因素:基于重庆荣昌区的实证

Peasant Household’s Decision-making Willingness of Land Circulation and Its Influencing Factors——A Case Study of Rongchang District in Chongqing

随着脱贫攻坚战的全面胜利和乡村振兴战略的深入,山地丘陵区的土地流转日益引起社会各界的关注。基于农户家庭禀赋的内生视角,探讨了土地流转与农户家庭特征的关系,并利用调查获取的重庆市荣昌区333份农户问卷数据,构建了影响农户土地流转决策意愿的变量指标体系,通过Logistic回归模型分析发现:农户土地流转决策意愿在一定程度上取决于其家庭禀赋特征,影响因素的显著性排序为农户性别>种植业收入比重>农户年龄>人均耕地面积>耕地破碎程度,说明男性在家庭决策中仍然发挥着主导,而户主年龄、家庭种植业收入比重、家庭人均耕地面积、承包耕地破碎程度与土地流转决策意愿均存在较为强烈的反向作用关系。因此,构建稳定长期的土地流转关系,在政策设计上应注意弥补农户家庭禀赋上的短板,并通过收益分配共享机制促进其经济状况或发展能力改善。

With the overall victory against poverty and the deepening of the strategy of rural revitalization,the land transfer in mountainous and hilly areas has attracted increasing attention from all walks of life.Based on the endogenous perspective of peasant household endowment,this paper discusses the relationship between land transfer and household characteristics of peasant households,and constructs a variable index system affecting the decision-making intention of peasant households on land transfer using the questionnaire data of 333 peasant households in Rongchang District of Chongqing.Through Logistic regression model analysis,it is found that farmers'willingness to make decisions on land transfer depends on their family endowment characteristics to a certain extent.The significance of influencing factors is ranked as farmer gender>proportion of crop income>farmer age>per capita cultivated land area>degree of cultivated land fragmentation,indicating that men still play a leading role in family decision-making.The age of the head of the household,the proportion of the household planting income,the per capita cultivated land area of the household,the degree of cultivated land fragmentation and the decision intention of land transfer have a strong inverse relationship.Therefore,in order to build a stable long-term land circulation relationship,the policy design should pay attention to make up for the shortcomings in the endowment of rural households,and promote the improvement of their economic status or development capacity through the income distribution and sharing mechanism.