刘勰的“正变”文学观及其理论价值

Liu Xie's Literary Theory of“Zheng Bian”and its Theoretical Value

“正变”作为中国古典美学的核心思想,由来已久且影响深远。刘勰以《周易》“正变”美学思想为基点,提出了“质文代变、变故存正”的文学发展观、“弃邪采正、执正驭奇”的文学创作观,以及“义正辞变、崇正酌变”的文学批评观。这种化用既有思想所建构出的相对稳定且初具系统的“正变”文学观,为我们如何有效实现中国传统优秀思想文化的创造性转化与创新性发展,以构建具有民族特色的中国文论作出了很好的示范。为此,刘勰在化用过程中所采取的化繁为简、仅抓核心的取舍方式,以及顺应主流、适时改变的论说方式,于当下而言具有参照价值。

The theory of“Zheng Bian”is one of the core ideas in Chinese classical aesthetics,which has long been established and has had a profound impact on the development of literature in later generations.On the basis of studying the aesthetic ideas of“Zheng Bian”in the Book of Changes,Liu Xie constructed a literary theory of“Zheng Bian”.He pointed out that the development of literature has a mutual change between simplicity and magnificence with the development of the times,advocating that the development of literature should not only change the old content,but also pursue the right path as its ultimate goal.For literary creation,he advocated abandoning the erroneous views of his predecessor and only learning the correct content,emphasizing the need to always adhere to the right path while pursuing new changes.In addition,at the level of literary criticism,he proposed that literary works should adhere to the right path in connotation and can change in form. He emphasized that in the face of different literary works, the standard should be whether they conform to the orthodoxy, while carefully consid-ering the new changes that arise. The relatively stable and systematic “ Zheng Bian” literary theory constructed by the use of existing ideas has set a good exam-ple for us to effectively achieve the creative transformation and innovative develop-ment of traditional Chinese excellent ideas, and to construct contemporary Chi-nese literary theory with contemporary characteristics. Therefore, Liu Xies approach of reducing complexity to simplicity, focusing solely on the core, and a-dapting to the mainstream of the times and changing the discourse in a timely manner have reference value for us.