基于多聚唾液酸的药物递送系统研究进展

Research progress of drug delivery systems based on polysialic acid

多聚唾液酸(PSA)是一种由N-乙酰神经氨酸单体通过α-2,8和(或α-2,9糖苷键连接的同聚物。PSA作为一种内源性多糖,具有良好的生物相容性、可生物降解性、高度亲水性、非免疫原性、长效循环性、易修饰性以及与选择素特异结合的靶向性。在药物递送研究领域,PSA既可以与小分子药物、活性多肽或蛋白连接,也可以与聚合物接枝或静电交联,构建多种药物递送系统,如纳米凝胶、聚合物胶束和脂质体等。在肿瘤、炎症疾病和神经系统疾病等多种疾病模型的治疗中显示出巨大的潜在价值。本文综述了PSA的生物学功能、基于PSA的药物递送系统的分类方式及应用进展,以期为PSA的进一步应用研究提供参考。

Polysialic acid(PSA)is a homopolymer consisting of N-acetylneuraminic monomers linked byα-2,8 and(or)α-2,9 glucoside bonds.As an endogenous polysaccharide,PSA has good biocompatibility,biodegradability,high hydrophilicity,non-immunogenicity,long-term circulation,easy modification and specific targeting to selectins.In the field of drug delivery research,PSA not only can be connected with small molecule drugs,active peptides or proteins,but also can be grafted or electrostatic cross-linked with polymers to build a variety of drug delivery systems,such as nanogels,polymer micelles,liposomes,etc.It has shown great potential value in the treatment of various disease models such as tumors,inflammatory diseases and neurological diseases.In this paper,the biological functions of PSA,the classification of drug delivery systems based on PSA and its application progress were reviewed,in order to provide reference for further application and research of PSA.