行政许可条件设定的类型与逻辑

The Categorization and Its Logic of Setting for Administrative Licensing's Condition

当前我国行政审批制度改革聚焦行政许可设定的事项、实施机关、程序和期限,对单行法应如何设定行政许可条件还未确立统一、清晰的法律规则,这在一定程度上影响了行政审批制度改革的进一步推进。行政许可条件设定是行政许可设定制度的重要内容,行政许可条件设定的确定性是《行政许可法》第18条行政许可设定确定性规则的核心。目前我国单行法设定行政许可条件的类型主要有空白模式、授权模式、兜底模式和裁量模式,每种类型在许可条件的范围和内容层面都有自身的内在逻辑。在将必要的行政裁量和行政效率纳入制度考量的基础上,若以行政许可设定的确定性义务作为基准进行检视,行政许可条件的设定模式及其逻辑都需进行必要的完善。

At present,the reform of administrative examination and approval system focuses on the matters,implementing organs,procedures and time limits of administrative licensing,and has not put forward the unified and clear reforming path on how to set the conditions of administrative licensing in the legal system,so it affects the results of reform of administrative examination and approval system.The setting of administrative licensing's condition is the core of the system of setting of administrative licensing,and the clarity of the setting of administrative licensing's condition is the key to the clarity of the setting of administrative licensing established in Article 18 of the Administrative Licensing Law.In China,the mode of setting the conditions of administrative licensing mainly includes Blank Mode,Authorization Mode,Bottom Line Mode,Political Consideration Mode and Discretionary Mode.Each mode has its own system logic in the scope and content of the conditions of licensing.Taking necessary administrative discretion and administrative efficiency into account and based on the rule for clarity of the setting of administrative licensing's condition,the setting mode of administrative licensing's condition and its internal logic need to be adjusted and adapted.