高速列车弓网受流系统放电实验平台设计

Design of discharge experimental platform for high-speed train pantograph network current collection system

为掌握外环境下高速列车的运行特点,开展弓网电弧变化特性研究,该文设计并研制了高速列车弓网受流系统放电实验平台,其风洞系统由风洞结构、风扇转子系统、风洞控制系统、弓网电弧发生系统、观测系统组成。测试结果表明:低速直流风洞风速可达50 m/s,湍流度低于1%,速度不均匀性小于1%,流场稳定性不超过1%,气流偏角不超过0.5°,满足《低速风洞和高速风洞流场品质要求》(GJB 1179A—2012)中所规定的参数指标。该系统为探究强气流场环境下弓网电弧物理特性的变化规律提供了良好的实验环境,可为高速运行环境下列车弓网电弧研究提供参考数据。

[Objective]Experimental techniques and operations are fundamental in the field of high-voltage technology.For transportation majors,the traction power supply system experiment is a mandatory part of the comprehensive high-voltage experimental course.The traction power supply system itself is a basic piece of equipment in the high-voltage laboratory.However,owing to the lack of space environment simulation test conditions,research on the physical changes and protection methods of bow net arcs under strong airflow is limited.[Methods]To gain a better understanding of the operating characteristics of high-speed trains in external environments and conduct research on arc changes between the pantograph and catenary,this paper designs and develops a discharge experimental platform for the pantograph and catenary current collection system of high-speed trains.This platform includes a wind tunnel structure,a fan rotor system,a wind tunnel control system,a pantograph and catenary arc generation system,and an observation system.The test results show that the wind speeds of the low-speed DC wind tunnel can reach 50 m/s,with turbulence degree and velocity nonuniformity both being less than 1%.Moreover,the flow field stability does not exceed 1%,and the airflow deviation angle is no more than 0.5°.These results meet the parameters specified in the national standard of the People’s Republic of China:A requirement for flow quality of low-and high-speed wind tunnels(GJB 1179A-2012).This system provides an optimal experimental environment for exploring the changes in the physical characteristics of bow net arcs under strong airflow conditions.It offers valuable reference data for studying the train pantograph–catenary arc in high-speed operating environments.Furthermore,this experimental system allows for the observation of changes in the arc characteristics of the pantograph network under strong airflow conditions.It also includes basic measurement and monitoring functions,enabling it to collect,store,and display experimental data and charge and discharge environmental parameters in real time.This makes it a valuable tool for studying the generation of the pantograph network arc and the changes in its physical characteristics of the pantograph network arc under different flow field environments.[Results]In this study,the speed of the low-speed DC wind tunnel system ranges from 0 to 50 m/s.The pantograph–catenary system is simulated using carbon sliding plates and copper wires.These materials also help in generating continuous and stable pantograph–catenary arcs.A high-speed camera with a frame rate of 1,000 FPS is used to capture the arc of the pantograph mesh.This allows us to record the development pattern of the arc and transmit experimental data and images to the computer for further analysis.This article presents the design and development of an experimental system that simulates a space environment with strong airflows.By combining the traction power supply system and wind tunnel system,we can simulate external environments such as wind and sand,rain,fog,and smoke flow.This provides the necessary conditions for exploring the physical changes of the pantograph and catenary arc under a strong airflow environment.[Conclusions]The system is crucial for in-depth research on pantograph and catenary arc characteristics.It enables the analysis of damage characteristics of the pantograph and catenary system.Furthermore,it is instrumental in exploring control methods for suppressing arc erosion.