社交机器人情感真实性的伦理争议:“实体论”与“关系论”两种进路及其关系

Ethical Debates over the Reality of Social Robotic Emotions:The Two Approaches of Realism and Relationism and Their Relations

用户与社交机器人的情感互动是当前学界关注的热点问题。在对此问题的研究中,逐渐呈现出“实体论”与“关系论”两种进路,二者既有区别又相互关联,共同致力于解决社交机器人情感真实性的伦理价值问题。其中,“实体论”进路否认社交机器人情感的真实性,并通过论证推动或维持用户与社交机器人进行情感互动行为的非正当性,认为社交机器人的情感对用户是不善的,应该在伦理上受到限制。而“关系论”进路则肯定了社交机器人情感的真实性,其通过论证用户与社交机器人情感互动的结果善,认为该行为可以在伦理上被接受。两种进路虽然在伦理价值的分析对象、分析方法和证成目标上不尽相同,但二者具有共同的理论前提,并在此基础上形成一种相互嵌入、互为补充的关系。此种关系的揭示,不仅可以为协调两种进路之争提供参考,而且有助于深入认识社交机器人情感的伦理价值。

The problem of emotional interaction between users and social robots is a hot topic in the academicfield.In the study of this problem,two ap-proaches gradually appear,realism and relationism,which are both different and interrelated,and jointly commit to solving the ethical value of social ro-botic emotional reality.Among them,the realism approach denies the reality of the social robotic emotions,it through demonstrating the irationality of promoting or maintaining emotional interaction between users and social robots and holds that social robotic emotions are not good for users and should be ethically restricted.The relationism approach affirms the reality of social robotic emotions.By demonstrating the good results of the emotional interaction between users and social robots,the relationism approach holds that the behavior can be accepted ethically.Although the two approaches are different in the object,method and goal of ethical value analysis,the two have the same theoretical premise,and on this basis,a mutually embedded and complemen-tary relations is formed.The revelation of this relations can provide useful reference for coordinating the disputes between the two approaches,and also help to deeply understand the ethical value of social robotic emotions.