养老机构护理员认知症照护能力的研究进展

Research progress on care ability of cognitive disorders nursing staff in nursing home

随着人口老龄化进程的进一步加剧,认知症患者的数量不断上升。认知症的不可逆、进行性加重的特点,使得多数患者在患病中后期出现生活不能自理和精神行为表现。家庭结构的小型化使得越来越多的家庭选择将患者送进养老机构,意味着养老机构护理员肩负起照护认知症患者的重任。目前,养老机构护理员认知症照护能力水平一般,有待进一步提高,因此,梳理养老机构护理员认知症照护能力的影响因素与提高策略具有重要的现实意义。本文总结和分析了护理员认知症照护能力的测评工具(痴呆患者照顾者护理能力评估量表、护理员认知障碍症照护胜任感量表)、照护能力的水平、照护能力的影响因素(养老机构护理员的一般特征、内部特征和外界因素)以及提高策略(政策层面、机构组织层面、护理员层面),并指出应根据我国认知症护理现状,积极探索构建提高护理员认知症照护能力的培训模式,从而改善认知症患者及护理员的生活质量。

With the further intensification of the aging population,the number of cognitive disorders is constantly increasing.The irreversibility and progressive aggravation of cognitive disorders result in the inability of most patients in the later stages to take care of themselves,and some patients even have mental and behavioral symptoms.The miniaturization of family structure has led to an increasing number of families choosing to send patients to nursing home,which means that nursing staff in nursing homes take the responsibility of caring for patients with cognitive disorders.At present,the level of care ability of cognitive disorders nursing staff in nursing home is average and needs to be further improved.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to state influencing factors and improvement strategies of care ability of cognitive disorders nursing staff in nursing home.This article summarize and analyzes tools of care ability of cognitive disorders nursing staff(Nursing Ability Assessment Scale for Dementia Caregivers,Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff Scale),the level of care ability,the influencing factors of care ability(general characteristics,internal characteristics,and external factors of nursing staff in nursing home),and improvement strategies(Policy,nursing home,and nursing staff)were elaborated in detail in this paper.And in order to improve the quality of life of cognitive disorder patients and nursing staff,based on the current situation of cognitive disorder in China,we should actively explore the training models to improve the care ability of cognitive disorders nursing staff.