牛冷冻精液精子形态活力变化研究与分析

Study and Analysis of Sperm Morphology and Vitality in Bovine Frozen Semen

为探讨牛常规冷冻精液解冻后不同时间内精子的形态结构及活力的变化规律,利用河南某种公牛站同一牛号、同一生产批次的300剂常规冷冻精液进行解冻,检测其解冻后不同时间内精子活力、畸形率、顶体完整率及前进运动精子数。结果表明:刚解冻时、解冻后1h精子顶体完整率下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05),解冻后3h、6h、9h的精子顶体完整率显著低于刚解冻时和解冻后1h(P<0.05)。精子畸形率在精液解冻后随着时间延长而逐渐升高,刚解冻时与解冻后1h差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著低于解冻后3h、6h(P<0.05),且解冻后3h的精子畸形率显著低于解冻后6h的畸形率(P<0.05)。精子活力在精液解冻后随着时间延长而逐渐降低,刚解冻时的精子活力最高,与解冻后1h、3h、6h、9h差异显著(P<0.05),解冻后1h精子活力显著高于6h(P<0.05),解冻后9h精子活力低于任何一个阶段的活力,且差异显著(P<0.05)。可见,人工授精时,刚解冻精液与解冻1h内精液的顶体完整率较好、精子畸形率较低,此时输精效果为佳。

To investigate the changes in sperm morphology and motility at different time after thawing of bovine conventional frozen se-men,300 doses of conventional frozen semen with the same cattle number and the same production batch in a bull station in Henan Province were used for thawing,and the sperm motility,deformity rate,acrosome integrity rate and the number of progressive sperm were detected at different time after thawing.The results showed that the sperm acrosome integrity rate decreased at the time of thawing and 1h after thawing,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The sperm acrosome integrity rate at 3h,6h and 9h after thawing was significantly lower than that at the time of thawing and 1h after thawing(P<0.05),but significantly lower than that at 3h and 6h after thawing(P<0.05),and the sperm deformity rate at 3h after thawing was significantly lower than that at 6h after thawing(P<0.05).The sperm motility decreased gradually with time after thawing,and the sperm motility was the highest at the beginning of thawing,which was significantly different from that at 1h,3h,6h,and 9h after thawing(P<0.05).The sperm motility at 1h after thawing was sig-nificantly higher than that at 6h(P<0.05).The sperm motility at 9h after thawing was lower than that at any stage,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).It can be seen that during artificial insemination,the acrosome integrity rate of the freshly thawed semen and the semen within 1 h of thawing is better,and the sperm deformity rate is lower.At this time,the insemination effect is better.