中国新能源汽车产业协同创新网络时空演化特征分析

Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of China's new energy vehicle industry collaborative innovation network

基于2000―2018年间新能源汽车产业发明专利数据,对新能源汽车产业创新发展阶段进行划分,以产业链视角构建新能源汽车产业协同创新网络,并以城市视角进行空间结构分析,以此探究新能源汽车产业协同创新不同发展阶段的时空演化特征。研究发现:(1)新能源汽车产业从初创期、形成期到成长期,协同创新的规模和强度均有明显上升,但在创新总体中始终占据较低比重,创新活力未完全释放,产业创新发展仍有较大空间。(2)产业链协同创新并不均衡,中游创新占据总体创新的大部分,协同创新重心由上中游协同创新向中下游协同创新过渡,创新主体呈现以企业为主、高校和研究所为辅的总体格局。(3)城市协同创新呈现规模扩大化、联系复杂化、区域一体化的特征和多点分散、局部集聚的创新格局,新能源汽车产业创新转移和演化路径已初步形成。

Basing on the patent data of the new energy vehicle industry from 2000 to 2018,this paper divided the stages of innovation development of the new energy vehicle industry and constructed a collaborative innovation network from the perspective of the industrial chain,and analyzed the spatial structure from the perspective of the city to explore the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the collaborative innovation of the new energy vehicle industry.The results show that:(1)The scale and intensity of collaborative innovation of the new energy vehicle industry have increased significantly from the initial stage,to the formation stage,then to the growth stage,but it always occupies a low proportion in the overall innovation,innovation vitality has not been fully released,and there is still a large space for industrial innovation development.(2)The collaborative innovation of industrial chain is unbalanced,and the innovation in the midstream accounts for the majority of the overall innovation.The focus of collaborative innovation is transitive from the upper and middle streams to the middle and lower streams,and the innovation subjects present an overall pattern dominated by enterprises,supplemented by universities and research institutes.(3)Urban collaborative innovation is characterized by scale expansion,association complexity,regional integration and the innovation pattern presents multi-point dispersion and local agglomeration.The innovation transfer and evolution path of new energy vehicle industry has taken shape.