国内外城市开敞空间可达性研究:主题脉络与前沿趋势

Research on accessibility of urban open space at home and abroad: Thematic context and frontier trends

公共开敞空间可达性是衡量城市游憩公共服务水平及公众生活质量的重要指标。使用CNKI、Web of Science核心数据库检索城市开敞空间可达性研究领域的中英文文献,对其发文年份、期刊及国家分布进行统计分析,借助VOSviewer、CiteSpace文献计量分析软件对文献的核心作者群、关键文献、关键词聚类及突现词进行可视化分析,厘清了国内外相关研究的知识域及其主题脉络,并对该领域的未来研究导向作了初步探讨。研究发现:城市开敞空间可达性领域的研究力量逐年壮大,中国学者的文献发表量遥遥领先但其影响力有待提升,国内外均出现一定数量的作者合作群体,但尚未形成稳定的核心作者群且群体间缺乏足够的合作链接;国内外研究热点具有一定相似之处,主要体现在开敞空间对公共健康的影响及绿色开敞空间生态系统服务功能研究两个方面;国内研究近期关注的主题是应急避难场所和公园绿地的可达性,国外研究近期侧重于公园可达性对房价估值的影响和开敞空间带给人的价值;未来对以下命题给予重点探讨可望为城市开敞空间研究贡献新知识:不同类型城市开敞空间的可达性研究、城市开敞空间的公平性研究、不同人群的使用偏好及居民行为差异研究、城市应急避难场所的可达性研究。

The accessibility of public open space is an important indicator to measure the level of urban recreational public services and the quality of public life.In the first place,this study used CNKI and Web of Science core databases to extract Chinese and English literature on accessibility of urban open space.Then,statistical analysis was conducted on the year of publication,names of journals,and nationalities of authors.Next,with the help of VOSviewer and CiteSpace bibliometric analysis software,this study made a visual analysis on the core author group,key documents,keyword clustering as well as burst keywords.Again,we summarized the knowledge domains of the academic field at home and abroad.Finally,the study initially proposed several directions of this academic field for future research.The research findings can be summarized as following:(1)The number of literatures on the accessibility of urban open space research has been increasing yearly.Chinese scholars are far ahead in the number of papers,however,the impact of which need to be improved.There are a certain number of author cooperative groups both at home and abroad,nevertheless stable core author groups have not yet emerged,as well as the cooperative links among groups are not sufficient.(2)There are some similarities between domestic and foreign research hotspots,mainly reflected in the impact of open space on public health and the research on the ecosystem service function of green open space.(3)Recent domestic research focuses on the accessibility of emergency shelters and park green space,while recent foreign research concentrates on the impact of park accessibility on house price valuation and the value of open space.In the future,paying more attention to the following propositions is expected to contribute new knowledge to the research of urban open space:the accessibility of different types of urban open spaces,the fairness of urban open space,user preference and resident behavior of different social groups,as well as the accessibility of urban emergency shelters.