基于数据挖掘的中药归经特点分析

Analysis of the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Meridian Tropism Based on Data Mining

目的:通过数据挖掘分析应用较为广泛的454味中药归经特点,为临床应用中药提供数据支持和参考。方法:以《中药学》收纳中药名称为主题词收录中药,建立一级数据库,采用Microsoft Office Excel 365、SPSS Clementine 12.0、IBM SPSS Statistics 21统计软件将符合纳入标准的中药及其归经进行频次分析;以《中医内科学》五脏疾病为条目,整理选用代表方剂常用药物,建立二级数据库,运用关联规则分析、应用剂量分析和系统聚类分析的方法。结果:《中药学》符合纳入标准的中药共收录454味,频次排前3的归经分别为肝经(18.29%)、肺经(15.94%)和胃经(14.43%)。治疗五脏病同时符合纳入标准的中药共249味,高频药物频次≥24次,共25味,甘草(93次)、茯苓(86次)、陈皮(68次)、当归(67次)、半夏(64次)、白术(61次)的用药频次居多。关联规则分析有37组药物组合置信度=100%,其中白术-黄连(补虚药-清热药)、陈皮-半夏-当归(理气药-化痰止咳平喘药-补虚药)支持度最高,均大于39%。系统聚类分析结果得出6类新的药物组合。治五脏病药物在12条经脉中以入肝经(18.23%)和肺经(15.89%)占比居多,即药用部位多以肝脏和肺脏为主。结论:中药归经理论作为中医学的重要组成部分,源于临床实践,反过来可指导组方用药,对临床选择用药有着重要指导意义。

Objective:To provide data support and reference for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),we analyzed the characteristics of meridian tropism of 454 TCM herbs which are widely used by data mining.Methods:TCM was collected with the names of TCM as the keywords in the Chinese Materia Medica,and a first-level database was established.The statistical software of Microsoft Office Excel 365,SPSS Clementine 12.0,and IBM SPSS Statistics 21 were used to analyze the frequency of TCM and its meridian that met the inclusion criteria.Then,taking the five zang-organs diseases as items in Chinese Internal Medicine,the commonly used drugs of representative prescriptions were sorted out,and a secondary database was established.The methods of association rule analysis,applied dose analysis and systematic cluster analysis were used.Results:A total of 454 herbs that met the inclusion criteria were included in Chinese Materia Medica.The top three meridians were liver meridian(18.29%),lung meridian(15.94%)and stomach meridian(14.43%).A total of 249 Chinese herbs for the treatment of five zang-organs diseases met the inclusion criteria,and a total of 25 herbs has the high frequency of medication(≥24 times).The frequency of medication for licorices(93 times),Poria(86 times),Tangerine peel(68 times),Angelica sinensis(67 times),Pinellia pinellia(64 times),Atractylodes atractylodes(61 times)was the highest.In association rule analysis,the confidence of 37 groups of drug combinations was 100%,among which the support of Baizhu-Huanglian(tonifying medicinal-heat-clearing medicinal),Chenpi-Banxia-Danggui(qi-regulating medicinal-phlegm-resolving,cough and dyspnea-relieving medicinal-tonifying medicinal)was the highest,both of which were greater than 39%.Six new drug combinations were obtained by systematic cluster analysis.Among the 12 meridians,the majority of drugs for treating five-zang organ diseases enter the liver meridian(18.23%)and the lung meridian(15.89%),with the liver and lungs being the main medicinal sites.Conclusion:As an important component of traditional medicine,the theory of TCM meridian tropism is derived from clinical practice,which in turn can guide the formulation of medication and has a significance for clinical drug selection.