优质均衡:义务教育走向中国式现代化的现实理路

High-Quality Balance:A Realistic Path of Compulsory Education to Chinese Modernization

我国义务教育历经扩容增量、重点建设的教育普及,达成固本增速、公平导向的均衡发展,进而要转向改革创新、质量导向的优质均衡发展,走出一条具有中国特色的教育现代化之路。优质均衡是一种整体性的高质量发展状态和结构上的优化与升级,是义务教育高质量发展的核心表征。优质均衡的实质是追求优质的学校教育,其学校实践框架是:实现学校发展行动计划、学校文化、德育工作、课程结构、教学模式、队伍建设、学校治理和学生评价等要素的协同提质。推进义务教育优质均衡发展的操作策略包括:明确优质均衡导向,落实义务教育高质量发展政策要求;创新多维协同模式,以学校变革推进义务教育优质均衡;持续加大财政投入,为义务教育优质均衡提供坚实保障;深化体制机制改革,创新义务教育优质均衡发展工作机制。

China's compulsory education has experienced different stages,from universal access to education,which focused on scale expansion and key projects,to balanced development,which pursued stable growth and equity in education.Next,it needs to turn to high-quality and balanced development,which is expected to seek reform,innovation,and orientation to quality.In this way,China will take the road of educational modernization with Chinese characteristics.High-quality balance means holistic high-quality development and structural optimization and upgrade,and this is a core feature of the high-quality development of compulsory education.In essence,high-quality balance indicates the pursuit of high-quality school education.The framework for its school practice is to achieve coordinated quality improvement in terms of the school-development action plan,school culture,moral education,the curriculum structure,teaching models,the teaching force development,school governance,and student evaluations.The practical measures include clarifying the direction of high-quality balance,and meeting the needs for the policy for the high-quality development of compulsory education;create a multi-dimensional and collaborative model,and promoting the high-quality balance of compulsory education through school reforms;increasing financial investment,and providing a solid guarantee for the high-quality balance of compulsory education;and deepening the reform of institutional mechanisms,and creating a new mechanism for the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education.