大学文化资本:生成逻辑与积累机制

A University's Cultural Capital:Generative Logic and the Mechanism of Accumulation

文化资本因文化而生。大学文化之所以能够生成资本,主要在于其价值增殖性和资源稀缺性。学术资本是大学最原初、最重要的资本形式。大学文化资本只有服务于学术资本发展,才能具有合理性和正当性。大学文化资本在主动适应高深知识发展,引领时代发展的同时,要坚守自身的知识品性。在一定意义上,大学文化资本的独特性,决定着大学发展的独特性。文化资本既是大学发展的内生动力,也是大学发展优劣的评价标准;既是大学特色发展的重要依托,也是引领大学发展的基本保障。从大学文化资本的生成逻辑来看,其产生来自大学间的文化差异;其发展来自大学内外部群体的认同;其整合是基于认同基础上的重构,是一个文化再生产的过程;其变革既包括大学对传统文化资本的赓续和改造,也包括对他者文化资本的借鉴和扬弃。从大学文化资本的积累机制来看,既受到政治、经济、文化、社会等外部场域的影响甚至制约,也需要行动者的主体自觉。大学文化资本乃至大学多样资本,都是行动者建构和积累的产物。正是有了大学的行动自觉,才能有大学文化资本的生成和积累,才能使大学这一历经近千年的传统组织,不断焕发出勃勃生机。

Cultural capital is born of culture.A university's culture can generate capital mainly because of its increased value and scarce resources,and academic capital is the most primitive and the most important capital for the university.A university's cultural capital can be rational and justified only if it serves the development of academic capital;when it actively adapts to the development of advanced knowledge and directs the development of the times,it must adhere to its intellectual character;in a sense,its uniqueness determines the unique development of the university.Cultural capital is not only the endogenic force for the development of a university,but also the standard for the evaluation of the development of the university;it is not only an essential support for the unique development of the university,but also a basic guarantee for the development of the university.According to generative logic,a university's cultural capital derives from cultural differences between universities;its development comes from the identity of the groups inside and outside the university;its integration indicates identity-based reconstruction,and a process of cultural reproduction;its reform includes the university's inheritance and transformation of traditional cultural capital,and its reference to and sublation of other cultural capital.According to the mechanism of accumulation,a university's cultural capital is affected and even restricted by external fields such as politics,economy,culture,and society,and it requires the consciousness of actors.A university's cultural capital,even its diversified capital,results from actors'construction and accumulation.It is the university's action-based consciousness that leads to the generation and accumulation of its cultural capital,and helps the university unremittingly display great vitality as a traditional organization that has lasted for nearly a thousand years.