外泌体miRNA在眼病治疗中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomal miRNAs in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases

外泌体是一种小的细胞外囊泡,内含DNA、RNA、蛋白质等多种细胞成分。外泌体中的miRNA可免受核糖核酸酶的降解从而介导细胞间信息交流,并参与细胞的增殖与凋亡、炎症反应、氧化损伤和新生血管形成等生理或病理过程。眼内的外泌体miRNA来源广泛,并在许多眼病中存在差异性表达,在眼病发生与发展中具有重要调控作用。外泌体miRNA的研究有望为眼病治疗提供新的靶点和为新药研发提供实验依据。本文对外泌体miRNA在眼病治疗方面的研究进展进行综述。

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles containing DNA,RNA,proteins,and many other cellular components.The miRNAs in exosomes are protected from degradation by ribonucleases thus mediate intercellular information exchange,and further involved in many physiological or pathological processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis,inflammatory response,oxidative damage and neovascularization.Exosomal miRNAs in the eye come from a wide range of sources and are differentially expressed in many ophthalmic diseases,thus having an important regulatory role in ophthalmic disease development and progression.Therefore,the study of exosomal miRNAs is expected to provide new targets for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases and provide experimental basis for the development of new drugs.This article reviewed the research progress of exosomal miRNAs in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases.