端粒酶影响胃癌生物学特征的机制研究进展

Mechanism of telomerase in affecting biological characteristics of gastric cancer

胃癌是威胁人类健康的重大疾病之一,发病率较高,早期诊断率低。治疗过程中遇到许多瓶颈。提高早期诊断率并寻找新的治疗靶点是当前亟待解决的难题。端粒酶在正常组织中检测不到,但在大多数癌症中表现出较高的特异性和敏感性,且与预后有明确相关性,有可能作为血清肿瘤标志物和预后指标。人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因多态性可以调节人群对胃癌的易感性,并通过其靶基因影响胃癌发生发展及增殖和凋亡过程。抵抗素、visfatin、G-四链体、胡椒胺等物质则可以通过调节端粒酶表达来影响胃癌的发生发展。目前关于hTERT参与调节肿瘤侵袭和转移的机制尚不清楚,阐明其作用机制具有重要意义。本文将对这一机制近年来的研究进展进行综述。

Gastric cancer is one of the major diseases threatening human health,with a high incidence and a low early diagnostic rate.There are many bottlenecks encountered during its treatment.Consequently,improving the early diagnostic rate and exploring new therapeutic targets are currently urgent challenges that need to be addressed.Telomerase is undetectable in normal tissues,but it exhibits high specificity and sensitivity in most cancers and has a definite correlation with prognosis.It may serve as a serum tumor marker and prognostic indicator.Human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)gene polymorphism can regulate the susceptibility of people to gastric cancer,and affect the occurrence,development,proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer through its target gene.Substances such as resistin,visfatin,G-quadruplex and methylenedioxyaniline can affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer by regulating telomerase expression.The mechanism by which hTERT regulates tumor invasion and metastasis is currently unclear,so elucidating its mechanism is of great significance.This paper will review the research progress of this mechanism in recent years.