不同醇化时间对片烟原料附生细菌种群多样性及质量的影响

Effects of Different Aging Time on Population Diversity of Epiphytic Bacteria and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco Lamina Raw Materials

以广西百色、湖南郴州地区醇化不同时间(0、12、24、36个月)的片烟原料为试验材料,利用高通量测序分析技术,对片烟进行微生物群落多样性、群落组成、物种差异及功能分析,并通过近红外光谱法检测其化学质量。结果显示,测序片烟附生细菌种群丰富,共鉴定出28个门、548个属,优势菌门为变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门,优势菌属为假单孢属、未分类的产菌科属、硫杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、黄色单胞菌属、代尔夫特属、水生微生物属。物种差异化分析显示,鞘氨醇单胞菌属、迪凯亚属、马西利亚属三个菌属在各处理间差异显著,且在醇化0月片烟样本中占比最高。功能分析鉴定出化学异养、好氧化异养、暗氧化硫化合物、暗硫化物氧化、硝酸盐还原功能占主导功能,且两个地区间功能多样性构成类似。化学质量分析显示,随着醇化时间的延长片烟有机成分得到提升,附生微生物加速了烟叶醇化。综上,测序片烟原料附生细菌种群多样性高,醇化0月片烟细菌种群的多样性、群落组成和功能多样性最高,随着醇化时间的延长,微生物与有机成分发生反应加速烟叶的醇化。该结果为进一步复配微生物制剂、探究片烟醇化机理提供参考依据。

Using the flue-cured tobacco lamina raw materials aged for different time(0,12,24,36 months) from Baise of Guangxi and Chenzhou of Hunan as experimental materials,the epiphytic microbial community diversity,community composition,species differences and functions were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology,and the chemical quality of tobacco was detected by near-infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the population of epiphytic bacteria in the sequenced tobacco lamina was abundant,and a total of 28 phyla and 548 genera were identified.The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria,and the dominant bacterial genera were Pseudomonas,unclassified_f_Alcaligenaceae,Thiobacillus,Sphingomonas,Xanthomonas,Delftia and Aquamicrobium.Species differentiation analysis showed that the three genera of Sphingomonas,Dickeya,and Massilia showed significant differences among different treatments,and had the highest proportion in the tobacco samples aged 0 month.Through functional analysis,the functions of chemoheterotrophy,aerobic chemoheterotrophy,dark oxidation of sulfur compounds,dark sulfide oxidation and nitrate reduction were identified as the dominant functions,and the functional diversity composition was similar between the two regions.Chemical quality analysis showed that the organic components of tobacco lamina improved with the extension of aging time,and the epiphytic microorganisms accelerated the aging of tobacco leaves.In summary,the diversity of epiphytic bacterial populations in the sequenced tobacco raw materials was rich,and the bacterial population in the tobacco lamina aged 0 month had the richest diversity,community composition and functional diversity.As the aging time prolonging,microorganisms reacted with organic components,which accelerated the aging of tobacco leaves.These results could provide references for further compounding microbial formulation and exploring the mechanism of tobacco aging.