现实的个人:早期马克思主体性思想探析——基于《德意志意识形态》的文本分析

The Realistic Individual:An Early Exploration of Marx's Thoughts on Subjectivity:Textual Analysis Based on the German Ideology

马克思在《德意志意识形态》中关于“现实的个人”的论述,一直是学术界较为关注的热点问题。在对人的本质进行追问的过程中,马克思立足科学的实践观对黑格尔、费尔巴哈和施蒂纳等人关于人的本质的探究进行了深刻的批判和超越。也正是在这种批判和超越的过程中,马克思勾勒出了“现实的个人”的多维镜像。在新时代,深入研究其中蕴含的丰富内涵,不仅对于理解和把握马克思主义唯物史观具有重要价值,而且对于指引当前我国社会的发展具有重要的现实意义。

Marx's exposition on the"realistic individual"in German Ideology has always been a hot issue of academic attention.In the process of questioning the nature of man,Marx profoundly criticized and transcended the inquiry of Hegel,Feuerbach and Stirner on the nature of man based on the scientific view of practice.It is precisely in this process of criticism and transcendence that Marx sketches a multidimensional mirror image of the"realistic individual".In the new era,in-depth study of the rich connotations contained in it is not only of great value for understanding and grasping the Marxist materialist view of history,but also has important practical significance for guiding the current development of our society.