肝细胞癌微血管侵犯的影像学研究进展

Radiographic progress of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma

目前,微血管浸润(microvascular invasion,MVI)被认为是与肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)术后预后直接相关的高危因素,它是术前肿瘤能否切除、术后肿瘤复发和转移的重要危险因素,也是术后是否需要进行辅助治疗的重要参考指标。近年来,一些新兴的、非侵入性的影像技术和影像组学方法,如超声、CT、MRI、PET/CT可在术前进行预测肝癌血管侵犯状态。基于此,本文将对近年来影像学技术和影像组学方法在HCC方面应用的相关文献进行梳理,对术前预测HCC-MVI状态的研究展开综述,旨在进一步分析先进的影像学技术在医疗领域应用中存在的挑战,促进预测HCC-MVI的临床运用,此外还将对未来的研究方向进行探讨。

At present,microvascular invasion(MVI)is considered to be a high-risk factor directly related to the postoperative prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),which is an important risk factor for whether the tumor can be resected before surgery,tumor recurrence and metastasis after surgery,and an important reference indicator for whether adjuvant therapy is required after surgery.In recent years,some emerging,non-invasive imaging techniques and radiomics methods,such as ultrasound,CT,MRI,PET/CT and radiomics,can be used to predict the vascular invasion status of HCC before surgery.Based on this,this article will sort out the relevant literature on the application of imaging technology and radiomics methods in HCC in recent years,and review the research on preoperative prediction of HCC-MVI status,aiming to further analyze the challenges of advanced imaging technology in the medical field,promote the clinical application of HCC MVI,and discuss future research directions.