数控系统样条曲线插补技术研究综述

Overview of Research on Spline Curve Interpolation Technology in CNC System

传统数控系统加工复杂曲线时,一般采用微小线段或圆弧段逼近的方法,加工精度低,易引发刀具抖动、机床振动等问题。随着CAD/CAM技术的发展,现代数控机床向高速度、高柔性方向发展,基于高质量加工的要求,提出样条曲线插补方法。对样条曲线插补方法进行综述,首先阐述了插补技术的重要性;其次从进给速度、加工精度等角度系统分析了样条曲线插补方法,分别介绍了A样条插补、B样条插补和C样条插补;最后描述了三种插补方法的发展过程和最新研究动态,对其未来趋势做了总结和展望。

When the traditional CNC system processes complex curves,it generally adopts the method of approximating micro line segments or arc segments,which has low processing accuracy and is easy to cause problems such as tool jitter and machine tool vi-bration.With the development of CAD/CAM technology,modern CNC machine tools are developing in the direction of high speed and high flexibility.Based on the requirements of high-quality processing,a spline curve interpolation technology is proposed.In view of this,the spline curve interpolation technology is summarized.Firstly,the importance of the interpolation technology is ex-plained.Secondly,the spline curve interpolation technology is systematically analysed from the perspectives of feed speed and ma-chining accuracy,and A-Spline interpolation,B-Spline interpolation and C-Spline interpolation are introduced respectively.Finally,the development process and latest research trends of the three interpolation technologies are described,and their future trends are summarized and prospected.