蚯蚓多肽的提取纯化工艺及应用研究进展

Research Progress in Extraction and Purification Process and Application of Earthworm Polypeptides

蚯蚓的蛋白含量极高,经蛋白酶水解可得到不同分子量的多肽类物质,进一步纯化后可得到具有生物活性的小分子蚯蚓多肽。蚯蚓多肽具有平喘降压、抗氧化、增强免疫、抗炎等药理作用。介绍了蚯蚓蛋白的酶解工艺,分析了蚯蚓多肽纯化工艺的优缺点,包括层析法、电泳法、膜分离法等,综述了蚯蚓多肽在神经系统、呼吸系统、心血管系统、免疫系统、运动系统等方面的药理作用,为蚯蚓多肽的开发利用提供了一定的参考。

Earthworms have high contents of protein,and polypeptides with different molecular weights can be obtained by proteases hydrolysis.After further purification,small molecular earthworm polypeptides with biological activity can be obtained.Earthworm polypeptides have pharmacological effects,such as relieving asthma,anti-hypertension,antioxidation,enhancing immunity,and anti-inflammation.We introduce the enzymatic hydrolysis process of earthworm protein,and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the three purification techniques,namely chromatography,electrophoresis,and membrane separation.Moreover,we summarize the pharmacological effects of earthworm polypeptides on the aspects of nervous system,respiratory system,cardiovascular system,immune system,and motor system.This review provides a certain reference for the development and utilization of earthworm polypeptides.