龙江天妃宫与明代南京的“下西洋”记忆

Longjiang Tianfei Palace and Nanjing's Memories of Voyages to the West in the Ming Dynasty

南京龙江天妃宫是明代太常寺辖下的重要道教宫观,其建立和发展的过程与永乐年间郑和下西洋的活动有所关联。因此,历来的研究都较为重视郑和的宗教信仰、下西洋活动与天妃宫的关系,而对龙江天妃宫建立以后的宗教实践讨论较少。天妃宫的管理者特别是中官的宗教信仰、明代道士在国家礼仪系统中的角色以及南京道观管理制度的变化,都极大影响了天妃宫的日常运行。本研究试图从南京龙江天妃宫建立和发展的过程入手,重新思考郑和的信仰及其相关遗迹形塑的过程中宗教性质的变化,并分析造成这种变化的政治、社会和宗教原因。

Nanjing Longjiang Tianfei palace is an important Taoist temple under the jurisdiction of Taichang Temple in the Ming Dynasty.The process of its establishment and development was related to Zheng He's voyages to the West in Yongle period.Therefore,past research has always paid more attention to the relationship between Zheng He's religious belief,the Western voyages and the Tianfei Palace,but less attention has been paid to the religious practice after the establishment of Longjiang Tianfei Palace.The daily operation of Tianfei Palace was greatly influenced by the religious belief of the administrators,especially the middle officials,the role of Taoists in the national etiquette system in the Ming Dynasty,and the changes in the management system of Nanjing Taoist Temple.This study attempts to start from the process of the establishment and development of Nanjing Longjiang Tianfei Palace,rethink the changes in the religious nature of Zheng He's belief and the shaping of its related relics,and analyze the political,social and religious reasons for this change.