《御选古文渊鉴》的文道观书写——以康熙选评韩愈文为例

The View on Literature-Dao Correlation in Yuxuan Guwen Yuanjian——A Case Study of Kangxi's Selection of and Comment on Han Yu's Prose

《御选古文渊鉴》在编选上秉持“经世致用”的选文标准,与“帝王之道”紧密联系,以“鼓吹六经”为总纲,以“质文互用”为具体原则,深刻反映康熙选文背后的文道观念;在评点时,康熙对韩愈散文多持褒扬态度,认为其文在文法与文道观念方面多有可取之处,肯定了韩愈醇雅古峻的文风,也对其尊儒重道、崇尚孔孟的观念加以认同。《御选古文渊鉴》经世致用的文章观念与崇尚古雅的审美倾向是清廷“崇儒重道”政策的具体反映,对清代中后期的古文创作与古文选本的编纂产生了较大影响。

Yuxuan Guwen Yuanjian(《御选古文渊鉴》) holds the selection standard of “statecraft ideology”(“经世致用”) closely related to the “the way of kings”(“帝王之道”),with “preaching the Six Classics”(“鼓吹六经”) as the general principle and “quality and text interoperability”(“质文互用”) as the specific principle,which deeply reflects the view on literature-Dao correlation contained in Kangxi's Selection.Kangxi mostly praised Han Yu's prose and believed that his prose had many merits in grammar and the view on literature-Dao correlation.He affirmed Han Yu's elegant and quaint style and agreed with his concept of respecting Confucian orthodoxy and advocating Confucius and Mencius.Yuxuan Guwen Yuanjian's view on literature-Dao correlation,i.e.“statecraft ideology” and the aesthetic tendency of advocating quaintness is a concrete reflection of the Qing government's policy of “respecting Confucian orthodoxy”,which had a great influence on writing and compilation of ancient texts in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.