公共性溢出:社会治理中的社区社会资本职场关联(2009—2021)

Public Spillover:The Association between Workplace and Community Social Capital in Social Governance(2009—2021)

作为一种现代社会的关键治理载体,职场将如何在社会治理转型中影响社区社会资本的凝聚。基于全国“职业经历和社会网络”调查2009年至2021年四期截面数据的分析发现:职场之于社区社会资本具有公共性溢出的作用特征。第一,进入职场能提升居民结构性和认知性社区社会资本。第二,相较于未进入职场居民,进入职场的居民在社区社会资本上的优势不断扩大。第三,身处党政部门、国有企事业单位和体制外部门的居民,在社区社会资本凝聚上呈现差异特征。在中国社会治理实践中,职场在提升居民公共事务参与意愿和能力上既体现职场普遍性又体现体制差异性,进而与社区社会资本形成正向关联。这不仅体现了职场的社会价值,而且展现了体制内行动者的治理潜力,还提示了社会治理和社区社会资本中潜在的职场和体制部门分化风险。

As a key governance carrier in modern society,the workplace plays a vital role in community social capital accumulation during the transition of social governance.Through the analysis of four cross-sectional data collected from the"Career Trajectories and Social Network Survey"conducted between 2009 and 2021,it was concluded that the workplace has a public spillover effect on community social capital.Firstly,entering the workplace improves the structural and cognitive aspects of residents'community social capital.Secondly,compared with residents who have not entered the workplace,those who have gained employment experience an expanding advantage in terms of community social capital.Thirdly,the sector in which residents work,such as government departments,state-owned enterprises,and non-public-institutional sectors,influences the accumulation of community social capital.In the Chinese context of social governance,the workplace not only plays a universal role in increasing residents'willingness and ability to engage in public affairs but also reflects differences between public institutions and those that are not.Consequently,it is positively associated with the accumulation of community social capital.These findings not only emphasize the societal significance of the workplace but also highlight the potential of actors within the public institutions to govern effectively.Moreover,they draw attention to the potential risks associated with differences between the workplace and public-institutional sectors in social governance and community social capital.