后扶贫时代产业扶贫的多重制约与可持续治理

Multiple Constraints and Sustainable Governance of Industrial Poverty Alleviation in the Post-Poverty Era

产业扶贫是实现精准脱贫的重要手段。与脱贫攻坚时期产业扶贫政策聚焦于精准扶贫不同,后扶贫时代关注相对贫困与多维贫困治理,强调贫困人口的多维发展和区域经济的均衡发展,产业扶贫面临新的发展形势。当前,我国产业扶贫面临产业链和价值链关键环节缺失、产业发展路径僵化、扶贫福利不足等多重制约。从可持续治理来看,产业扶贫的优化路径应从建立特色产业培育机制、构建扶智人才激励机制、完善扶贫利益共同体等方面探寻,以期在未来持续发挥扶贫产业的现实价值,形成区域经济增长和个体持续增收的良性循环。

Industrial poverty alleviation is an important means to achieve precise poverty eradication.Diff erent from the industrial poverty alleviation policy which focuses on precise poverty alleviation during the period of poverty eradication,the post-poverty alleviation era focuses on relative poverty and multidimensional poverty governance,emphasizing multidimensional development of the poor and balanced development of the regional economy.For the present,industrial poverty alleviation faces new development requirements.In the meanwhile,China’s industrial poverty alleviation faces multiple constraints such as the absence of key links in the industrial chain and value chain,rigid industrial development paths,and insuffi cient welfare for poverty alleviation.From the perspective of sustainable governance,the paths of optimizing industrial poverty alleviation should be done in terms of establishing a mechanism for cultivating special industries,constructing an incentive mechanism for helping wise talents,and improving the community of interests for poverty alleviation.The paths are expected to sustain the realistic value of poverty alleviation industries during the period of relative poverty and to form a virtuous cycle of regional economic growth and sustained individual income.