崩岗侵蚀对洪积扇农田质量的影响和防治措施

Summary on the Influence and Treatment of Benggang Erosion on the Quality of Farmland in Proluvial Fan

崩岗是南方红壤丘陵区严重的土壤侵蚀地貌,崩岗侵蚀会对洪积扇农田质量造成严重危害,但目前有关文献报道较少。崩岗侵蚀产生的大量洪积物冲入农田后,会破坏水利设施、沙化土壤、恶化农田生态环境。本文从土壤质量、作物产量、环境影响3个方面阐述崩岗侵蚀对洪积扇农田的危害,提出相应的防治措施:工程措施为截流拦沙,林草措施为构建生物保护屏障,农业措施包括改良土壤质地、提高土壤肥力。合理搭配使用上述措施可以改善洪积扇农田,减少崩岗侵蚀危害,提高土地生产力。开展崩岗洪积扇土壤退化成因及防治措施的研究,可为崩岗洪积扇区农田质量恢复提供科学的理论依据。

Benggang is a serious soil erosion landform in the red soil hilly area of southern China.Benggang erosion causes serious harm to the quality of alluvial fan farmland,however,there are currently few literature reports.Benggang erosion produces a large amount of alluvial deposits that wash into farmland,damaging water conservancy facilities,desertifying soil,and deteriorating the ecological environment of farmland.This study analyzed the harm of Benggang erosion to farmland in the downstream proluvial fan,sorted out the causes of soil quality deterioration from three perspectives,including soil quality,croped yield and impacted on the surrounding environment.Corresponding prevention and control measures were proposed:engineering measures to intercept run off and sand,forest and grass measures to build biological protection barriers,agricultural measures to improve soil texture,and enhance soil fertility.Reasonable combination of the above measures can improve the farmland of alluvial fans,reduce the harm of landslide erosion,and increase land productivity.To conduct research on the causes and prevention measures of soil degradation in the collapsed alluvial fan area,and to provide scientific theoretical basis for the comprehensive restoration of farmland quality in the collapsed alluvial fan area.