高等级化学防护服用多层膜面料的阻燃性能和热防护性能

Flame retardancy and thermal protection performance of multi-layer film fabric for high-level chemical protective clothing

以芳纶织物、聚酯织物和腈纶织物为骨架层,聚烯烃膜为成型层,聚卤代烯烃膜为阻隔层,试制高等级化学防护服用多层膜面料。采用电子织物强力机、极限氧指数仪、锥形量热仪和热防护性能测试仪,研究织物种类及聚烯烃母粒和阻燃剂种类对多层膜面料力学性能、阻燃性能、燃烧行为和热防护性能的影响。结果表明:以芳纶织物和聚酯织物为骨架层的多层膜面料具有更好的力学性能;以B/C型聚烯烃母粒和Y型阻燃剂为原料的多层膜面料具有更高的阻燃性能;以腈纶织物为骨架层的多层膜面料具有更低的热释放和较高的残炭含量,但是由于在测试过程中会出现严重熔融现象,其热防护性能较差。综上,以芳纶织物为骨架层,C型母粒和Y型阻燃剂制备的聚烯烃膜为成型层,试制的多层膜面料综合性能最佳。

The multi-layer film fabric for high-level chemical protective clothing was trial-produced using aramid fabric,polyester filament fabric and acrylic fabric as the skeleton layer,polyolefin film as the forming layer,and polyhalogenated olefin film as the barrier layer.The effect of fabric,polyolefin masterbatch and flame retardant types on mechanical property,flame retardancy,combustion behavior and thermal protection performance of the multi-layer film fabrics were investigated by electronic fabric strength machine,limit oxygen index meter,cone calorimeter and thermal protection performance tester.The results show that multi-layer film fabrics with aramid fabric and polyester filament fabric as skeleton layer have better mechanical properties.A higher flame retardancy can be achieved for the multi-layer film fabrics made from B/C-type polyolefin masterbatch and Y-type flame retardant.The multi-layer film fabrics with acrylic fabric as the skeleton layer has lower heat release and higher carbon residue,but its thermal protection performance is poor due to severe melting phenomenon during the testing process.In summary,the multi-layer film fabric trial produced with aramid fabric as the skeleton layer,polyolefin film prepared by C-type masterbatch and Y-type flame retardant as the forming layer,has the best comprehensive performance.