不同温湿度组合对鹅种蛋孵化效果及孵化后雏鹅体重的影响

Effects of Different Temperature and Humidity Combinations on Goose-hatching Performance and Body Weight of Post-hatch Goslings

为研究不同孵化模式下温度和湿度对鹅种蛋孵化效果及雏鹅生长发育性能的影响,试验采用“单阶段”变温和“二阶段”恒温孵化模式,每种孵化模式设定两种不同的温度和湿度参数来评估其对孵化效果及雏鹅早期体重的影响。结果显示:①两种孵化模式具有相近的总体失水率(67%),但采用较高温度的孵化方案具有更高的孵化率(P<0.05)和更短的出雏窗口期(28.5~30 d)。②“单阶段”变温孵化模式的孵化率显著高于“二阶段”恒温孵化(P<0.05)。③鹅种蛋孵化周期中,第1~4周种蛋失重率分别为2.44%、4.85%、7.72%和10.67%,呈现前期失重大、后期失重小的规律。④“二阶段”恒温孵化模式下,采用37.6℃和64%的温湿度组合所生产的雏鹅在第2~4周的体重极显著高于37.5℃和65%的温湿度组合(P<0.05)。研究表明,二阶段恒温孵化模式(37.6℃+64%)以及单阶段变温孵化模式均能产生较好的孵化效果,采用“单阶段”变温孵化模式可提高孵化率,且优化关键孵化参数还能促进雏鹅的早期生长发育。

This experiment aimed to explore the key parameters of goose-hatching experiments,and to investigate the ef⁃fects of temperature and humidity settings on hatchability and goose growth performance.Two different incubation modes(singleand two-phase)were applied.Their effects on the hatching performance and weekly body weight were investigated by setting dif⁃ferent combinations of temperature and humidity.The results showed that:①Both incubation modes had similar general water loss(67%),but the group with high temperature had a higher hatchability(P<0.05)and a shorter time window since egg traying(28.5 to 30 days).②The"single-phase"hatching method showed much better hatchability than that under the"two-phase"mode(P<0.05).③The egg weight loss percentage was 2.44%,4.85%,7.72%and 10.67%in the 1st to 4th week during the hatch⁃ing phase for domestic geese,showing rules of higher weight loss in early stages and lower in late stages.④Under the"twophase"hatching mode,the weekly body weight(2nd to 4th)of the goslings hatched with 37.6℃and 64%settings was significantly higher than that under the combination of 37.5℃and 65%(P<0.05).In summary,different incubation modes could produce rea⁃sonable hatchability,"single-phase"incubation mode with higher temperature had much better hatchability,and optimizing criti⁃cal incubation parameters could also improve the early growth performance of goslings.