元代政制与海神天妃形象的构建

The Political System of the Yuan Dynasty and the Construction of the Image of Tianfei,the Sea goddess

元代是妈祖从两宋时期的地方性神灵跃升为全国性海神天妃的重要关节点。妈祖信仰从东南一隅走向全国,与元朝“大一统”格局的确立、海漕对南北经济的拉动、元代知识精英对天妃护漕活动的历史书写,以及由宋及元东南沿海地区行政建置的一体化发展均有密切关系。本文拟从元代政制(敕封、国家祭祀)的视角,探讨海神天妃形象的形成与发展历程。

The Yuan Dynasty was an important juncture for Mazu to rise from a local goddess in the Song Dynasty to a national goddess of the sea,Tianfei.The Mazu belief moved from the southeast to the whole country,which was closely related to the establishment of the"unification"pattern of the Yuan Dynasty,the pull of the sea canal to the economy of the north and the south,the historical writing of the intellectual elites in the Yuan Dynasty on the activities of protecting the water transport,and the integrated development of the administrative establishment in the southeast coastal areas from the Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty.From the perspective of the political system of the Yuan Dynasty(imperial edict,national sacrifice),this paper discusses the formation and development of the image of the sea goddess Tianfei.