同步器齿形参数对换挡冲击的影响

Influence of Synchronizer Tooth Profile Parameters on Shift Impact

针对同步器换挡过程中出现的二次冲击问题,分析冲击产生的机理,利用AMESim软件建立同步器换挡仿真模型。分析齿宽、锁止角、切向间隙、背角4个齿形参数对同步器换挡冲击的影响,提出换挡时间、二次冲击力峰值、冲击度3个换挡冲击评价指标。引入正交试验和方差分析筛选出对换挡冲击影响显著的齿形参数。通过全因子试验得出评价指标的响应面近似模型,确定齿形参数最优水平方案。结果表明:齿宽和锁止角增大时,换挡冲击明显减小,切向间隙和背角对换挡冲击几乎没有影响。当齿宽为4.2 mm,锁止角为36°时,换挡冲击最小。

Aiming at the problem of secondary impact in the process of synchronizer shift,the mechanism of impact was analyzed,and the simulation model of synchronizer shift was established by AMESim software.The influence of tooth width,locking angle,tangential clearance and back angle on the shift impact of synchronizer was analyzed.Three shift impact evaluation indexes of shift time,secondary impact force peak and shock extent were proposed.Orthogonal test and variance analysis were introduced to screen out the tooth profile parameters that had significant influence on shift impact.The response surface approximation model of the evaluation index was obtained by the full factor test,and the optimal level scheme of the tooth profile parameters was determined.The results show that when the tooth width and locking angle increase,the shift impact decreases significantly,and the tangential clearance and back angle have little effect on the impact.When the tooth width is 4.2 mm and the locking angle is 36°,the shift impact is the smallest.