现代五项运动多维度特征研究进展

An Overview of Research on the Multidimensional Characteristics of Modern Pentathlon

通过综述国内外现代五项运动的相关文献,对现代五项运动员与比赛特征进行梳理与总结。现代五项运动员在身体形态指标上高于其他异属组合类项目的平均水平。现代五项运动员损伤部位多集中于头颈部及骨盆和下肢,各子项方面的损伤多集中于跑步,严重损伤主要出现在马术。依据项目特点,现代五项运动的能量供应涵盖了有氧代谢、糖酵解和磷酸原供能系统,游泳项目转项的运动员更易在现代五项的训练中取得突破。运动员比赛中的平均心率与血乳酸水平依据不同子项特征表现不同,其中跑射联项明显高于其他3项。

This paper reviews relevant literature of modern pentathlon at home and abroad,and sorts out and summarizes the characteristics of modern pentathlon athletes and competitions.Modern pentathlon athletes exhibit higher body shape indices compared to the average level of other combined events.Injuries among modern pentathlon athletes predominantly occur in the head and neck,pelvis and lower limbs.Injuries of individual subitems are more common in running,and the severe injuries are mainly in equestrian events.According to the characteristics of modern pentathlon,energy supply includes three energy supply systems:aerobic metabolism,glycolysis,and phosphoric acid.Athletes who transition from swimming events are more likely to make breakthroughs in modern pentathlon training.The average heart rate and blood lactic concentration level of athletes are different according to the characteristics of different subitems,among which the running and shooting events are significantly higher than the other three.