农产品溯源区块链的源头数据验证机制研究

Research on the source data verification mechanism of agricultural product traceability blockchain

农产品溯源系统中区块链以其数据防篡改、可追溯的特性使上链后的数据真实可靠,但目前溯源系统中并没有确保上链前数据可靠的验证机制,上传至区块链系统的数据存在恶意修改和系统误差的问题。对此,设计了区块链源头数据验证机制,采用多维数据交叉验证算法和多源数据匹配计算算法验证农产品生产与物流的源头数据;提出基于云模型与复杂动态赋权的客户评价评估算法对交易环节的客户交易评价数据进行验证并计算真实评价数据;依据以上算法的验证结果设计节点信誉评分规则,在POS共识机制的基础上设计基于信誉的共识机制CPOS,恶意行为越多的节点越难得到记账权,解决了POS共识机制因节点的币龄值过大造成节点权益越来越大的不公平记账权竞争问题,并在一定程度上遏制了节点的作弊行为,保证了源头数据的真实性。实验表明,该机制可有效地过滤恶意和虚假的源头数据,保证农产品溯源系统的源头数据在相对合理的范围内。

The blockchain with its features of data integrity and traceability ensures the authenticity and reliability of the data once it is recorded in the agricultural product traceability system.Currently,no mechanism is available to verify the reliability of data before it is uploaded to the blockchain,which may result in malicious modifications and system errors to the data uploaded to the blockchain.In response,this paper proposes a design of a blockchain-based origin data verification mechanism.Multidimensional data cross-validation algorithms and multisource data matching calculation algorithms are employed to verify the origin data of agricultural product production and logistics;a customer evaluation assessment algorithm based on cloud models and complex dynamic weighting is introduced to validate customer transaction evaluation data in the trading process and calculate genuine evaluation data;a credit rating is assigned based on the data validation mechanism’s results for node data and a reputation-based consensus mechanism CPOS(Credit Proof of Stake),is designed based on POS(Proof of Stake)consensus,making it more challenging for nodes with more malicious behaviors to obtain bookkeeping rights.This approach resolves the unfair competition for bookkeeping rights caused by adding coin age values in POS consensus and curbs cheating behaviors by nodes to some extent,ensuring the authenticity of origin data.Our experiments show this mechanism effectively filters out malicious and false origin data,maintaining the source data in agricultural product traceability systems within a relatively reasonable range.