公共文化服务融入学前教育的可及性研究——基于广州市的样本

A Study on the Accessibility of Intergrating Public Cultural Services into Early Childhood:Based on the Sample of Guangzhou

公共文化服务已经成为我国文化建设的重要内容和战略工程,而可及性是评价公共文化服务体系与其服务对象“适合度”的概念。本研究基于737名广州市幼儿园教师和行政人员的调研数据,建构了包含可获得性、可接近性、可接受性和可适合性四个维度的可及性评价框架,分析和评价公共文化服务体系与幼儿园师生需求及文化服务利用行为间的适合性。研究发现:公共文化服务机构与幼儿园供需双方均认可公共文化服务的教育价值,但公共文化服务职能未得到充分发挥,公共文化服务融入学前教育的可及性总体有待提升。其中,可获得性和可接近性是现阶段影响公共文化服务融入学前教育的基础条件;检索公共文化服务资源能力弱、缺乏实践运用能力成为制约幼儿园运用公共文化服务的重要原因。公共文化服机构扩能提质增效且提供精准供给,推动幼儿园常态化关注与运用公共文化服务,是提升公共文化服务与幼儿园师生需求间适合性的可选路径。

Public cultural services have become an important part of cultural construction and a strategic project in our country.Accessibility is the concept which evaluates the“suitability”of the public cultural service system for its target users.Based on survey data from 737 kindergarten teachers and administrators in Guangzhou,this study constructs an accessibility evaluation framework that includes the dimensions of availability,accessibility,acceptability,and adaptability,analyzing and evaluating the suitability of the public cultural service system with the demand and cultural service utilization behavior of kindergarten teachers and students.The study found that both public cultural service institutions and the supply and demand sides of kindergartens recognize the educational value of public cultural services,but the functions of public cultural services have not been fully utilized,and the overall accessibility of integrating public cultural services into early childhood education needs to be improved.The current availability and accessibility are the basic conditions that affect the integration of public cultural services into early childhood education.Weak ability to access public cultural service resources and lack of knowledge on how to apply them in practice are important reasons that hinder kindergartens from using public cultural services.Expanding the capacity and improving the quality and efficiency of public cultural service institutions,and providing precise supply,can promote kindergartens to constantly pay attention to and use public cultural services.This is a viable path to improve the suitability between public cultural services and the demand of kindergarten teachers and students.