监视资本主义及其技术手段的社会主义运用:基于政治经济学的研究视角

Surveillance Capitalism and the Socialist Utilization of its Technical Means:From the Perspective of Political Economy

资本主义劳动过程的核心特征是劳动者在资本的监督和控制下开展生产活动,而现代信息技术的发展,使得“监视资本主义”成为现实。基于政治经济学视角,区分了产业数字化、数字产业化和数字活动,考察了资本监视劳动手段的新发展。结论认为:在数字经济时代,资本对劳动过程的监视手段更加隐蔽,监视范围更加广泛,在这种无孔不入的监视中,劳动者不得不创造更多的剩余价值,劳动从属于资本的程度进一步加深,甚至社会大众的日常数字活动也在监视中成为剩余价值的新来源。技术本身并不具备社会属性,监视技术可以与社会主义生产关系结合起来,其社会主义运用将极大地提高整合“分散知识”的能力,在一定程度上扫清人类掌握“总体知识”的障碍,为建设大数据时代的“全息社会主义”提供可能性。

The core characteristic of the capitalist labor process is that workers engage in production activities under the supervision and control of capital.The development of modern information technology has made"surveillance capitalism"a reality.From the perspective of political economy,this paper distinguishes industrial digitalization,digital industrialization and digital activities,and investigates the new development of the means of capital monitoring labor.The conclusion suggests that in the era of digital economy,capital's means of monitoring the labor process are more covert,with a wider scope of surveillance.In this pervasive surveillance,workers have to create more surplus value,deepening their subordination to capital.Even the daily digital activities of the general public have become a new source of surplus value within this surveillance.Technology itself does not possess a social nature,surveillance technology can be combined with socialist production relations,and its socialist utilization will greatly enhance the ability to integrate"dispersed knowledge",clear the obstacles for human beings to master"total knowledge"to a certain extent,and provide the possibility for constructing"holographic socialism"in the era of big data.