数字时代加速逻辑下的西方现代性批判

Criticism of Western Modernity in Accelerated Logic of Digital Age

基于对现代社会人与世界关系“新异化”的病理学诊断,法兰克福学派第四代代表人物罗萨提出加速逻辑下的现代性悖论,并将时间体制问题确定为现代性批判的核心。在罗萨的加速社会批判理论视角下,全面掌控与不受掌控构成现代性的基本矛盾,加速现象和不同步现象处于现代性问题的中心。掌控和不受掌控的交互过程造成了日常生活的“新异化”,也造成了以“缺乏共鸣”为核心特征的“现代世界关系的错误发展”。罗萨以加速逻辑揭示出的时间异化命题,提示我们数字资本主义不仅创造了异化的空间,而且还创造了异化的时间,传统时间结构的显著加速背后,是资本增殖逻辑和新自由主义文化在推动。在此背景下,重新审视马克思的“抽象时间统治”以及人类解放的相关论断,有助于认清缺乏共鸣的根源,从而真正走出西方现代性的迷宫。

Based on the pathological diagnosis of the“new alienation”of the relationship between man and the world in modern society,Hartmut Rosa,the representative of the fourth generation of the Frankfurt School,put forward the paradox of modernity under the accelerated logic,and identified the problem of time system as the core of modernity criticism.From the perspective of Rosa’s theory of accelerated social criticism,the fundamental contradiction between full control and uncontrolled modernity lies at the center of the problem of modernity,and the phenomenon of acceleration and asynchrony is at the center of the problem of modernity.The interaction between being in control and not being in control creates a“new alienation”in daily life,and absolute control and not being in control cannot bring resonance and passion to oneself.Rosa’s proposition of time alienation revealed by accelerated logic suggests that digital capitalism not only creates alienated space,but also creates alienated time.Behind the significant acceleration of traditional time structure is the logic of capital proliferation and the promotion of neoliberal culture.In this context,a re‐examination of Marx’s“abstract time rule”and related assertions of human liberation helps to understand the root cause of the lack of resonance,so as to truly step out of the maze of Western modernity.